Brick making machine is a specialized mechanical equipment that integrates raw material processing, batching and mixing, forming, curing, and conveying systems to process sand, stone, cement, industrial solid waste (fly ash, slag, slag, etc.) into brick products. By replacing modular molds, various types of products such as standard bricks, porous bricks, hollow blocks, permeable bricks, curbstones, and slope protection bricks can be produced, which are suitable for diverse scenarios such as building walls, municipal roads, and garden landscapes. They are the core equipment for building materials production and solid waste resource utilization.

        1、 Structure and Working Principle
        The brick making machine is composed of multiple systems working together, with hydraulic drive as the core power source, supplemented by vibration, electrical control and other technologies, to achieve the full process transformation from raw materials to finished products.
        -Raw material processing system: It crushes and screens solid waste, sand and gravel, and other raw materials to remove impurities and adjust fineness. Ball mills and jaw crushers are commonly used to ensure that the particle size of raw materials meets process requirements.
        -Ingredient mixing system : Accurately mix the raw materials through a measuring device, and mix them evenly with a strong standard mixer for 2-10 minutes to ensure consistency of the mixture.
        -Forming System : The core unit adopts hydraulic pressing or vibration+static pressure composite process to press and form the mixture. The key parameters are forming pressure of 15-30MPa (load-bearing brick 20-30MPa, non load-bearing 15-20MPa) and holding time of 10-20 seconds.
        -Conveyor and Maintenance System : The conveyor system is responsible for the transportation of raw materials and bricks; The maintenance system is divided into natural maintenance (ambient temperature ≥ 20 ℃, relative humidity ≥ 60%, total cycle of 28 days) and steam pressure maintenance (constant temperature 175-185 ℃, pressure 0.8-1.0MPa, constant temperature ≥ 8 hours) to improve the strength of the brick body.
        -Electrical Control System : With PLC as the core, it realizes full process automation control, ensuring stable operation and accurate parameters.

        2、 Raw material ratio and process specifications
        The raw material ratio directly determines the performance of the brick body. The following are the industry standard ratios and process requirements, which comply with national standards such as GB/T 21144-2023 and GB/T 11945-2019.
        1. Proportion of unburned bricks (weight percentage)
        -Aggregate (fly ash/tailings+sand): 78% -80% (fly ash 55%, sand 25%)
        -Cementitious material (cement): 10% -12%
        -Water: 10% -12%
        -Soil stabilizer: 0.02% -0.05%
        -Measurement error: ± 3% for silicon containing raw materials, ± 2% for calcium containing raw materials, ± 2% for water
        2. Proportion of autoclaved sand and mortar bricks
        -Sand: Lime=89:11, add 6% -9% water and stir
        3. Core process parameters
        -Crushing: Raw material particle size ≤ 5mm, ball mill cylinder speed 25-35r/min
        -Mixing: dry mix for 2-3 minutes, wet mix for 3-5 minutes, discharge moisture content of 15% -20%
        -Steam curing: heating ≤ 25 ℃/h, constant temperature 175-185 ℃, 0.8-1.0MPa, constant temperature ≥ 8 hours, cooling ≤ 25 ℃/h
        -Natural maintenance: static stop for 4 hours, ambient temperature ≥ 20 ℃, total cycle of 28 days

        3、 Product performance and application scenarios
        The performance of the bricks produced by the brick making machine meets the national mandatory standards and is applied in various fields such as construction, municipal engineering, and ecology.
        1. Core performance indicators (based on GB/T 21144-2023)
        -Compressive strength: MU10（≥10MPa）、MU15（≥15MPa）、MU20（≥20MPa）、MU25（≥25MPa）
        -Dimensional deviation: length ± 3mm, width ± 2mm, height ± 2mm
        -Water absorption rate: 8% -15%, drying shrinkage rate ≤ 0.5mm/m
        -Frost resistance: Strength loss rate after freeze-thaw cycles ≤ 20%
        2. Typical application scenarios
        -Construction engineering: infill walls, partitions, and enclosures, suitable for multi story and high-rise buildings
        -Municipal engineering: sidewalk, square paving, curbstone, inspection well masonry
        -Ecological engineering: permeable bricks (sponge city), slope protection bricks (soil and water conservation), landscape bricks (garden construction)
        -Solid waste utilization: Processing fly ash, slag, and construction waste to achieve resource recycling

        4、 Safety and Maintenance Standards
        The operation of the brick making machine must strictly follow safety standards, and daily maintenance is necessary to ensure the service life of the equipment and production safety.
        1. Safety requirements (according to GB/T 36515-2018)
        -Equipped with protective covers, emergency braking devices, and protective nets for moving parts
        -Install interlocking protection in the mold area, which will shut down and disconnect energy upon opening
        -Operators need to undergo professional training, hold certificates for work, and wear protective equipment
        2. Daily maintenance
        -Regularly clean up residual raw materials, check for mold wear and replace in a timely manner
        -Regularly check the oil quality and quantity of the hydraulic system, and replace the hydraulic oil (National Standard 46 #)
        -Electrical system inspection of wiring, ensuring waterproofing and dust prevention
        -Clean equipment, brush oil on molds, and protect circuit systems before winter shutdown

        5、 Industry standards and development trends
        1. Core Execution Standards
        -GB/T 21144-2023 "Solid Concrete Bricks"
        -GB/T 11945-2019 "Autoclaved Grey Sand Solid Bricks and Blocks"
        -GB/T 36515-2018 "Safety Requirements for Concrete Products Machinery Block Forming Machines"
        -JC/T 422-2007 "Autoclaved Grey Sand Bricks"
        2. Development Trends
        -Intelligence: PLC+IoT control, realizing remote monitoring and fault warning
        -Greening: Adapting to more industrial solid waste (with a solid waste content of up to 70%), reducing energy consumption
        -Multifunctional: Quickly change molds, adapt to multiple categories of brick production, enhance flexibility

        As the core equipment for building materials production and solid waste resource utilization, brick making machines have mature technology and stable performance, which is in line with the development strategy of green, low-carbon and circular economy. Strictly following process specifications and safety standards can achieve production and product quality assurance, providing reliable support for construction and municipal engineering.